Economics & Development debate motions (page 2)

2021 (200 motions)

• THR the funneling of more Philippine national funds to LGUs

  Magiting Cup 2021 · Novice_Final

  Info slide

  Under the Mandanas-Garcia Ruling, the Supreme Court affirmed that local government units (LGUs) are entitled to a "just share" on all national taxes collected and not only from Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR), the main tax collection agency of Philippines. At present, 40% of national internal revenues collected by the BIR go to the LGUs. With the implementation of the ruling in 2022, it is projected that this share of national internal revenues to the LGUs will increase to 52% (that is, LGUs get more than half of national internal revenues).

• TH, as a developing country, would financially incentivize its citizens to have fewer or no children

  Magiting Cup 2021 · Open_Octa

• In pursuing food security, THBT developing countries should pursue protectionist policies, rather than trade liberalization, for its agricultural industries

  Magiting Cup 2021 · 3

• TH, as a state with aging population, would opt for policies that increase immigration (e.g. more visas, more social benefits to work migrants) rather than ones that encourage citizens to have more children (e.g. tax benefits, increased childcare)

  DSDC Coherence 2021 · 4

• In times of economic recession, THP conditional cash transfers as opposed to unconditional cash transfers

  KIDA 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  For the purposes of this debate: A Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) is a kind of cash transfer by the government that imposes tasks (e.g. sending children to school, searching for a job) that a recipient must act on before receiving the cash transfer. Unconditional Cash Transfers, on the other hand, do not require the target recipient to take any action to receive the cash transfer beyond possibly applying for the transfer. Other criterion/criteria determined by the government that qualifies one for the cash transfer (e.g. economic status, minority status, disabilities, etc.) can still exist for both types of cash transfers.

• THA The USA would aggressively pursue policies to increase the population size, including but not limited to incentivising greater childbirth rates and expanding immigration policy, with the goal of reaching a population of 1 billion

  Oceania Queer Open 2021 · 3

• THBT regulation of large technology companies is in the interest of China.

  VIT Round Robin 2021 · Open_Final

• THW decline to regulate firms using traditional anti-monopoly policies (e.g., breaking up firms, preventing mergers and acquisitions, etc.) and instead mandate that companies meet a threshhold of public good (including but not limited to environmental and/or social activism, providing infrastructure to underprivileged communities, establishing scholarship or educational funds, etc.) proportionate to their size.

  VIT Round Robin 2021 · 3

• In countries with underdeveloped economies, TH prefers governments heavily subsidizing social entrepreneurs at the expense of conventional SMEs (small and medium enterprises)

  5th Linkbate Debating Championship 2021 · 1

  Info slide

  Social entrepreneurs take on business initiatives that predominantly create positive societal change. Compared to conventional business models that prioritize profit, examples of social entrepreneurship include eco-friendly products, serving disadvantaged communities, and focusing on philanthropic activities.

• As a young working professional in a stable but boring 9-5 job, THW choose not to use the technology

  Pakistan Debate Open 2021 · Novice_Final

  Info slide

  Technology J uses an algorithm to predict the ideal career option for you (based on what you will find most fulfilling).

• THBT developing countries should adopt MGNERA-style rural employment guarantees

  Ramaiah Round Robin 2021 · 3

  Info slide

  Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNERA) is an Indian initiative that provides rural employment and guarantees at least 100 days of employment a financial year at minimum wage to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work

• THP a world without credit ratings agencies

  Asia Schools Debate Championship 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  A credit rating agency (CRA) evaluates and assesses an individual's or a company's creditworthiness. That is, these agencies consider a debtor's income and credit lines to analyse the debtor's ability to repay the debt or if there is any credit risk associated.

• THBT international organizations should make development aid conditional upon democratic reforms.

  Asia Schools Debate Championship 2021 · 6

• THW give additional benefits to families on welfare whose children perform well in school

  Asia Schools Debate Championship 2021 · 1

• THS green central banking

  EUDC 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  Green Central Banking refers to central banks deliberately using their monetary policy instruments to incentivise climate-friendly market activities. For instance, targeted green lending programmes, targeted green bond purchase programmes, ""brown penalties"" (higher interest rates for pollution-intensive banks or businesses), lowering the financing rate for banks that offer collateral with a smaller carbon footprint, and mandatory disclosures of climate risks. For the purposes of this debate, green central banking would support climate-friendly policies even at the expense of traditional monetary objectives such as targeting inflation rates, ensuring financial stability and market efficiency, as well as retaining neutrality of intervention.

• THBT states should prioritise high employment rates at the expense of significantly slowing down technological advancement (e.g. taxing automation, setting a minimum quota for human employees, or banning/limiting use of certain technologies)

  EUDC 2021 · 8

• THW ban the development and the use of geo-engineering techniques

  The Interschool Debate 2021 · Open_Semi

• THBT local governments should prioritize predictive analytics as opposed to a participatory approach when crafting comprehensive development plans

  PIDC 2021 · Novice_Final

  Info slide

  Predictive analytics is a branch of advanced analytics used to make predictions about unknown future events. Predictive analytics uses many techniques including data mining, statistical modeling, and machine learning to analyze current data to make predictions about the future. Participatory approach in development primarily involves the community or stakeholders in the discussions and decision making process of policies that affect them.

• TH, as a developing country, will cap skills based emigration

  PIDC 2021 · Novice_Final

• THBT Western Liberal Democracies should place an additional tax on companies wherein a majority of the workforce is on a work from home (WFH) basis

  PIDC 2021 · Novice_Final

• THS a universal basic income as a tool for poverty alleviation

  PIDC 2021 · Open_Quarter

• THBT the microfinance industry has done more harm than good

  PIDC 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  The microfinance industry is the sub-sector of financial services uniquely designed to target small businesses and the poor. Common features of microfinance organizations include, but are not limited to, not requiring collateral, hedging risk with group liability, and charging higher interest rates to its users when compared to traditional banking services.

• THBT the US should employ further quantitative easing as opposed to increased spending on stimulus and relief packages to recover from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic

  PIDC 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  For the purposes of this debate, stimulus and relief packages pertain to direct cash transfers to beneficiaries, deferment of loan repayment requirements, and other government covered expenditures unique to the pandemic (e.g testing kits, tax credit to companies granting sick leaves to employees, etc). Quantitative easing is a monetary policy wherein the central bank purchases long-term securities to lower interest rates in the short to medium term.

• THBT the African Union should adopt a single currency

  PIDC 2021 · Open_PDO

• THBT the Commonwealth of Nations has done more harm than good to developing countries.

  PIDC 2021 · Open_PDO

  Info slide

  The Commonwealth of Nations, commonly referred to simply as the Commonwealth, is a political association composed of former British colonies (e.g. Canada, Malaysia, India, Kenya). Its origins were to recognize these countries as members of the British empire, but it has transitioned to an organization meant to promote justice & human rights, democracy, and economic opportunities for members.

• TH, as a working-class Filipino abroad in the technology industry, would come home and work in the Philippine technology sector (e.g. research and development, fintech, edtech, and e-commerce)

  PIDC 2021 · 7

• THR the commercialisation of self care

  PIDC 2021 · 6

• THBT developing countries should adopt Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) regulations

  PIDC 2021 · 2

  Info slide

  Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach under which producers are required to be responsible for the treatment and disposal of their post-consumer products both financially and physically.

• THS the implementation of carbon credits for individuals

  WSDC 2021 · Open_Semi1 · World Schools Debating Championships

  Info slide

  carbon credit is a permit, that allows the holder to consume a certain quantity of Green-house gases. Both direct actions (e.g. burning natural gas for heating) and indirect actions (flying, buying specific products) count. Generally, carbon credits were issued to companies.

• THR the Westernisation of the elites in post-colonial countries

  WSDC 2021 · Open_Quarter1 · World Schools Debating Championships

  Info slide

  During and after colonization, local elites preferred to be educated in European languages and/or in European universities/cities. As part of this education, western culture and etiquette became the dominant norm in the institutions of the country (civil service, government, education system, etc.).

• This House believes that developing countries should prioritise import substitution industrialisation over export oriented industrialisation.

  WSDC 2021 · 7 · World Schools Debating Championships

• This House regrets the dominant belief that the customer's needs and desires should always come first

  WSDC 2021 · 6a · World Schools Debating Championships

• THR the commercialisation of space

  WSDC 2021 · 1 · World Schools Debating Championships

• THO the integration of unrelated services into the same platform (for ex: Facebook Marketplace & Instagram Shop; Amazon Home Services; Air BnB Classes & Events

  The Novice Debate 2021 · Open_Semi

• THW cap the amount of wealth any single individual can own

  The Novice Debate 2021 · 2

• THS GRRM not continuing to work on A Song of Ice and Fire

  Pro Ams Parliamentary 2021 · 4b

  Info slide

  George R R Martin's last book for his highly popular series A Song of Ice and Fire, came out in 2011. Since then he has been reportedly working on the Winds of Winter but there has been no reveal of a release date for the book. In the meantime, he has been involved in other projects such as helping out writers in the Game of Thrones series (the adaptation TV series for ASOIAF) and has recently collaborated with Hidetaka Miyazaki (the creator of Dark Souls) on the release of his new game. His inaction on his books has caused considerable negative feedback both from fans of the books and the tv series, who want him to finish his work. Although Martin promised the fans that they could lock him up if he did not finish the series, lately he has expressed some disinterest and boredom with ASOIAF.

• THBT within broad budgetary constraints economic policies should be decided by unelected economic experts selected by their peers, rather than politicians

  Pro Ams Parliamentary 2021 · 2a

• TH supports the implementation of national-level participatory budgeting in the developing world

  World Debate Open 2021 · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  Participatory Budgeting (PB) is a democratic process in which citizens directly decide how to spend part of a public budget. Most of the current implementations of PB operate at the municipal level. In 2017, Portugal became the first nation to launch participatory budgeting at national level. It has three experiments: a general participatory budget, one for youths, and one for schools.

• TH prefers a world where the ANC had more aggressively pursued economic and land reparations during the negotiations in ending the apartheid

  World Debate Open 2021 · 3

  Info slide

  The African National Congress (ANC) is the ruling party in South Africa. It has been in power since it negotiated with the governing National Party in 1993 to end apartheid, after 8 decades of struggle. At the time, the ANC prioritised securing legal and political rights, and the first democratic election was held in 1994. Today, South Africa is the most industrialised country in Africa, but also the country with the worst income inequality in the world. Black South Africans own only 4% of private land

• THR the policy of central banks to set ultra-low interest rates when facing severe economic downturns

  Debatable IV 2021 · 4

• TH supports businesses encouraging employees to continue to work from home

  Australia BP 2021 · 1

• THBT the IMF should freeze return on investment payments to wealthy countries that hoard vaccines (retain more vaccines than are necessary to fully vaccinate their population)

  Rahat Fundraiser 2021 · 4

• THW require the consent of local communities for the construction of national/transnational infrastructure placed through them

  Rahat Fundraiser 2021 · 3

• THW bar the acquisition of virtual reality and gaming companies by Facebook

  Rahat Fundraiser 2021 · 3

  Info slide

  This month, Facebook bought Big Box VR and Unit 2 games. It already owned Beat Games, Sanzaru Games, and Ready at Dawn, as well as the Oculus platform. All are VR games.

• This House Believes That international development institutions (e.g. the World Bank) should not finance natural resource extraction projects in corrupt states.

  Doxbridge IV 2021 · 5

• THBT access to the internet should be a basic human right in developing countries.

  Nagoya Debate Open 2021 · Open_Final

• THR the creation of the microcredit system in impoverished areas

  Nagoya Debate Open 2021 · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  Microcredit is the extension of very small loans to impoverished borrowers who typically lack collateral, steady employment, and verifiable credit history. For example, Grameen Bank operating in impoverished areas of Bangladesh provides such microcredits. These banks can implement high or low-interest rates without the intervention of the government.

• THR the rise of cryptocurrency

  Nagoya Debate Open 2021 · Open_Quarter

• THBT revenue from tourism sites associated with Indigenous cultures (eg Chichen Itza and related Mayan sites in Mexico) should be distributed directly to these communities

  Nagoya Debate Open 2021 · 4

• THP a world without the concept of corporate personhood

  Mayon Open Debate Cup 2021 · Open_Final

  Info slide

  Corporate personhood is the idea that corporations are legal entities in and of themselves, acting distinctly from the individuals which comprise them (owners, staff, etc.). This allows corporations to enter negotiations with other parties and enjoy rights such as due process under the law.

• THBT developing countries should pursue attaining a degrowth economy.

  Mayon Open Debate Cup 2021 · Open_Final

  Info slide

  Degrowth means to move away from the traditional view that economies must always strive for growth. Its movement advocates for massive redistribution of resources and reduced global consumption and production, especially from the developed world. Degrowth highlights the values of care work, autonomy, and local industry.

• THBT developing countries are justified in and should pursue IP theft as a strategy for development

  Malaysia Nationals WSDC · Open_Quarter

• THS the use of extraction rights to natural resources as a form of collateral for external debt

  KCL Open · Open_Semi

• THBT NGOs in developing countries should prioritize advocacy for changing institutional norms (e.g. transparency, democracy) over advocacy for tangible goods (e.g. building water systems, raising incomes by set amounts).

  KCL Open · Open_Octa

• THBT developing states should place significant caps on the construction of high-rise residences in urban areas

  KCL Open · 1

• This house would impose B-Corporation requirements into the governing constitutions of all large companies.

  ANU Spring · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  To become certified as a "B-Corporation", a company must make changes to its governing constitution. There are three important changes: 1. The establishment of clear wording to "consider stakeholder interests" in company articles of incorporation or company by-laws. 2. Define "stakeholders" as the employees, the community, the environment, suppliers, customers, and shareholders. 3. Forbid prioritization of one stakeholder over another. If a company acts inconsistently with its governing constitution, interested parties can enforce its provisions through the courts. Examples of B-Corporations are AllBirds (shoes), Patagonia (outdoor-wear), and Ben & Jerries (ice cream).

• TH celebrates the gamification of trading and investment activities

  Ganesha Open · 3

  Info slide

  Gamification of trading and investing activity incorporate the creation of "challenges", "competitions", and "rewards" surrounding the said activities. The process involves setting goals, tracking progress, and hitting milestones to unlock some kind of reward, which may range from cash incentives and redeemable points, to 'exclussive' features or privileges. Gamified trading and investing platform often employ a PLB-points, leaderboards, and badges model to motivate users

• THR the exclusive focus of modern antitrust regulators on ensuring consumer welfare without promoting structural market reforms (e.g. also taking into account firm size or degree of market consolidation when considering antitrust cases)

  Imperial IV · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  In contemporary antitrust law, the 'consumer welfare' standard means when deciding to break up a company or prevent a merger, regulators should only look at the impact on prices and economic efficiency.

• THS the universal adoption of cryptocurrencies as additional legal tender

  Imperial IV · Open_Octa

  Info slide

  Legal tender is something which is acknowledged by the laws of a state as a mechanism to settle a private or public debt or in order to meet a fiscal responsibility which includes buying of goods and services, paying taxes, abiding by contracts, and finally damages or fines. Almost every country uses its national currency as legal tender.

• TH, as India, would join the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)

  Imperial IV · 3

• THBT the Indian Government should prefer building partnerships with rising China technology firms (e.g. Alibaba) over established Western big businesses (e.g. Amazon, Facebook)

  RMPD · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  With an internet user base of 700 million people, the Indian e-commerce market is one of the largest in the world. Despite India's strict regulation on foreign entry, both Amazon and Alibaba have been trying hard to grow within the Indian e-commerce market, making significant investments (often through local companies) over the last five years. This has been part of the heavy battle for the global e-commerce market between Amazon and Alibaba.

• THR the rise in Influencer Marketing

  RMPD · 1

  Info slide

  Influencer marketing is a type of social media marketing that uses endorsements and product mentions from social media influencers–individuals who have a dedicated social following and are viewed as experts within their niche.

• THO compulsory savings policies like superannuation.

  DSNPD · 3

  Info slide

  Compulsory saving policies are government policies where a certain proportions of citizen's income is required to be saved. An individual cannot access this money until a legislated point in time (e.g. retirement age), and it is typically invested in a fund.

• THBT it is in the interest of China to gradually abandon the Belt and Road Initative

  NTU Pre Worlds · 3

  Info slide

  The Belt and Road Initiative, previously known as One Belt One Road (OBOR), is a a global infrastructure development strategy adopted by the Chinese government in 2013 to invest in countries and organizations along the historic Silk Road.

• Recognising the hazardous impacts of industrial revolution on climate change, THW remain undeveloped

  UET IV · 2

• THW make corporation taxes proportional to wage ratios

  Chun Ling InterSchool · 3

• THS a national jobs guarrantee in developing countries

  Chun Ling InterSchool · 3

  Info slide

  A national job guarantee is an economic policy where the government gives you a minimum-wage job offer if you are unable to find a job.

• THW allow companies to buy the right to govern economically failing cities

  Chun Ling InterSchool · 3

• THBT progressive politicians in developing nations should not accept cooperation from politicians known/suspected to have been involved in corruption

  Chun Ling InterSchool · 2

• THP a world where American and Canadian MNCs in South America adhere to the environmental and labour standards of their home country

  Princeton IV · 1

• THS the rise of private city in developing countries backed by companies from developed countries

  Alex Trebek Random Pro Am · 3

  Info slide

  A private city is a city that is owned and operated exclusively by private individuals and/or organizations and provides all of the public services for the city it self.

• This house would issue housing vouchers to low-income individuals rather than invest in the construction of new public housing units

  UNSW May Mini · 2

  Info slide

  An individual issued with a housing voucher is responsible for finding a suitable housing unit on the private market to rent under the program. A subsidy is paid to the landlord -- who must still approve the prospective tenant -- directly by the state on behalf of the voucher recipient. The value of this subsidy is approximately what is needed to rent a moderately-priced dwelling unit in the local housing market. Recipients then pay the difference between the actual rent charged by the landlord and the amount subsidised by the program. However, they are not permitted to spend more than 30% of their gross income on rent and utilities combined

• This House believes that after achieving an adequate level of financial stability, individuals should focus heavily on the service of others

  Borneo British Parliamentary Debate Championship · Open_Quarter

• This House regrets the rise in the use of easily accessible online platforms for trading stocks, cryptocurrency, and other financial instruments (e.g., Robinhood, Etoro, etc.)

  Borneo British Parliamentary Debate Championship · Open_Octa

• THS global maximum wealth limits for individuals

  Mindanao Parliamentary Debate Championship · 4

• in countries with substantial amounts of low-skilled workers, THW progressively tax the use of technology that aims to fully automate workers

  Mindanao Parliamentary Debate Championship · 4

• in times of unusually high unemployment THW temporarily and significantly relax minimum labor standards (eg workplace health and safety standards, minimum wage, working hour restrictions, etc)

  Mindanao Parliamentary Debate Championship · 4

• THR the rise of prosperity gospel in the third world

  Mindanao Parliamentary Debate Championship · 3

  Info slide

  Prosperity gospel is a religious belief among some Protestant Christians that financial blessing and physical well-being are always the will of God and that faith, positive speech, and donations to religious causes will increase one's material wealth.

• THBT developing countries should disincentivise citizens from studying overseas

  Smart Debates Mini · Novice_Semi

• THP the use of the Pay-for-Success funding for charitable programmes to the use of direct government funding

  Smart Debates Mini · Open_Semi

• THW convert marriages into renewable contracts with agreed upon terms and conditions that are revisited every few years

  Smart Debates Mini · 1

• THR the narrative that developed countries have a responsibility to protect vulnerable populations of developing countries

  Australasian Womens Debate Open · 3

• This House Believes That developing countries should impose a tax on citizens who choose to take up long term employment outside of their country of origin.

  Nanjing Online Tournament · Novice_Final

• THO the adoption of common currency by ECOWAS

  Pretoria Parliamentary IV · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  The Eco is the proposed common currency that the West African Monetary Zone. There are plans to introduce the currency in the framework of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). This objective is to create a common currency for all West Africa states.

• This House as the Tigray Regional Government would secede from the Ethiopia Federal Government

  Pretoria Parliamentary IV · 3

  Info slide

  The Tigray War is an ongoing armed conflict that began in November 2020 in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, between the Tigray Regional Government, led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF); and forces supporting Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. This came after Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed tried to merge ethnic and region-based parties of the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, which had governed Ethiopia for 30 years, into his new Prosperity Party.

• THW significantly increase the corporate income tax in major business centres of the world, such as Macau, Jakarta, New York, Sydney, London

  Groningen Open · Open_Semi

• THS the use of gamification in the workplace

  Groningen Open · 2

  Info slide

  Gamification refers to the application of typical elements of game playing (e.g. point scoring, leadership boards for certain skills, game based learning) to other areas of activity to encourage engagement

• TH as Belinda Would pursue a long term relationship with Mill

  Groningen Open · 1

  Info slide

  You are Belinda, a bright and ambitious woman in her 20s studying for your computer science degree at an Ivy League university. You are dating Mill, a male colleague from your class. You find his company pleasant but several aspects of his personality annoy you and you doubt you would enjoy this relationship long-term. With the power of foresight given to us by the holy info-slide, you know that in the future your current partner will become a millionaire CEO of his own business.

• As a developing state, THW prohibit the use of arable land for foreign corporations and developers

  Horizon Cup · Open_Quarter

• THR the rise of mobile trading apps (e.g. Robinhood).THR the rise of mobile trading apps (e.g. Robinhood).

  Horizon Cup · Open_Quarter

• THS the establishment of Sovereign Wealth Funds by developing ASEAN states

  Horizon Cup · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  A Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) is an investment fund managed by the general government, aimed at making high, risk-adjusted returns. SWFs may be funded either by the sales from natural resources extraction, seen in Norway and the Middle East, or by government revenues and contributions from retirees, observed mostly in Asia. Examples include the Brunei Investment Agency, the Government Pension Fund (Thailand), State Capital Investment Fund (Vietnam), Public Investment Fund (Saudi Arabia) and Mubadala (Abu Dhabi.

• THR the shift in focus of startups from achieving profitability to expanding market share.

  RVDT · 3

• THBT developing nations should pay for their students' education in foreign universities under the condition that they will return to work in their home country.

  RVDT · 1

• THBT the Old Firm should accept the offer

  Sports IV · Gold_Final

  Info slide

  The Old Firm refers to Celtic and Rangers, two Glasgow based football clubs and the largest clubs in Scotland. No club outside of the Old Firm has won the Scottish title in 37 years. A hypothetical proposal to restructure the English football pyramid has plans to add two additional teams to the second division of English football. The Old Firm are offered the chance to be those teams.

• THS this public-private partnership

  North Luzon Intervarsity · Open_Final

  Info slide

  The Baguio City Public Market has long been the center of trade, commerce, and culture in Baguio City. Recently, the Baguio City Local Government Unit and SM Prime Holdings have agreed to partner and modernize the BCPM

• THS the establishment of a Space Silk Road.

  North Luzon Intervarsity · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  The Space Silk Road is an initiative by the Chinese government to expand its space program. It is guided by the framework of President Xi Jinping's Belt Road and Initiative. Among its plan is to build a research station in the moon which if successful could significantly lower the costs of launching spacecrafts and serve as a gateway for future space exploration

• THR the commercialisation of the space industry

  North Luzon Intervarsity · Open_Quarter

• THBT that the Philippines should abandon the efforts to standardize the Filipino language in favor of instituting major regional languages as official languages.

  Xavier Cup · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  For the purposes of this debate, standardization refers to various efforts to enrich the Filipino language through the development of national orthography and grammar, incorporating words from other Philippine languages into the corpus of the national language, and the teaching of Filipino as a second language in the regions. In the constitution of the Philippines, both English and Filipino are recognized as official languages which are given a special legal status. Official languages are used within the government for official transactions such as parliamentary administration and procedures, official documents, court proceedings, and other businesses.

• THBT Educational Institutions should only grant financial aid (subsidies, scholarships, stipends) solely to the poor

  Xavier Cup · 5

• THW substantially lower labor regulations in areas of high unemployment

  Xavier Cup · 3

• In developing countries, THR the use of indigenous tourism as a primary economic strategy

  Xavier Cup · 3

  Info slide

  Indigenous tourism is tourism that directly engages Indigenous people, either by allowing them to manage a site or making Indigenous culture the focus for a destination.

• THR the increasing privatisation of the space industry

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · Open_Octa

• THS attempts at the consolidation of farmland in developing nations (through means including but not limited to state acquisition & sale of land and subsidizing land purchases of agri-corporates or cooperatives)

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · Open_Octa

• THBT the US should pursue a comprehensive industrial & trade policy

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · Open_Octa

  Info slide

  Trade policy refers to the regulations and agreements that control imports and exports to foreign countries. Industrial Policy is any type of selective government intervention or policy that attempts to alter the structure of production in favor of sectors that are expected to offer better prospects for economic growth in a way that would not occur in the absence of such intervention in the market equilibrium)

• THS strong federalist reforms in developing nations including allowing retention of provincial/state revenues, autonomy in policymaking, and the ability for provinces/states to independently borrow from the market

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · 1

• In areas with limited resources, THS directing investments to microfinance and self-help group programs (including subsidies, tax breaks, free land, electricity, and raw materials, training, cheap or interest-free credit) over direct transfers in cash or kind (e.g., rations and grocer

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · 1

• THBT states should provide significant incentives(tax breaks, preference in state contracts, exclusive access to state infrastructure) to corporations that have demonstrated triple-bottom-line results

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · 1

  Info slide

  A triple bottom line is a framework where corporations are assessed on their impact in three different spheres: Profit, People, and Planet

• THBT community-driven crypto does more harm than good to cryptocurrencies

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · 3

  Info slide

  1.Of the more than 7,000 cryptocurrencies which have been released, most of them are near worthless and over 1700 have failed. Elongate is a new cryptocurrency. Though started as a joke based on a tweet from Elon Musk, it quickly become popular on the internet and among Elon Musk fans. Its creators have subsequently sought to anchor Elongate on philanthropy - there are plans to set up support, funded by Elongate, for the United Nations World Food Programme, Action Against Hunger and the Big Green Corporation. Dogecoin is a cryptocurrency inspired by the Shiba Inu dog meme, Doge. Dogecoin gained instant popularity on various social media platforms and by 2018, had become a top cryptocurrency with a value of over one billion dollars. Recently, Dogecoin has been gaining even more traction due to celebrities like Snoop Dogg and Elon Musk raving about it on Twitter, driving up its price

• THR the prevalence of acquisitions of smaller companies in the tech industry

  National Law School Parliamentary Debate · 3

• This house would implement a minimum spend policy for countries experiencing economic recession.

  1st LPU Davao Aristotle Cup · 2

  Info slide

  A minimum spend policy requires households to spend a designated percentage of their income and/or wealth in a given period of time. This policy applies progressively, and would replace tax either partially or entirely.

• THP a world where deep sea exploration was substantially prioritised over space exploration

  1st LPU Davao Aristotle Cup · 4

• This house would significantly decrease the government budget for loans exclusively offered to Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) and reallocate such budget to programs that focus on capacity building (i.e. skills development and training, regulatory compliance, access to advisory services)

  1st LPU Davao Aristotle Cup · 5

• THW place a time limit on private land ownership in major cities

  Taylor's Genders · Novice_Final

• This House Regrets the Rise of the Gig Economy (e.g. Gojek, Grab, Uber, AirBnB)

  Oldham Asia Pacific & Atlantic · 3

• THBT governments of developing countries should prohibit the sale of arable land to foreign states and corporations

  i3L Debate Match · Open_Octa

  Info slide

  Arable land is the land under temporary agricultural crops (multiple-cropped areas are counted only once), temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land under market and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow (less than five years).

• THP a world where only virtual money is used to purchase hard assets

  Zimbabwe Easters Open · 4

  Info slide

  Elon Musk recently announced that Tesla Motors can now be purchased through the bitcoin system. Although there is a significant risk attached the market has become more accessible in that 'Hard Assets' Like cars and houses are generally only financed through traditional financing which requires major banking finance and a greater financial collateral.

• THBT agrarian subsidies in developing countries have done more harm than good

  Chanakya National Law University BP · Open_Quarter

• THW heavily tax high intensity animal farming

  St Andrews Debate Open · 3

  Info slide

  Intensive animal farming, also know as factory farming, is an approach to animal husbandry that is highly efficient. It typically involves the use of high stocking densities, large scales of production, wide use of antibiotics and growth hormones, and high levels of automation while largely disregarding animal welfare.

• TH, as a K Pop Trainee, would choose to sign with a company that doesn't belong to the Big 3

  Pop Posting Open · 4

  Info slide

  The pre-requisite to become a K Pop idol is to undergo the trainee process. This process can last an indefinite period of time, ranging from months to years and usually involves vocal, dance and language classes taken while living together with other trainees. Once a trainee enters the system, they are regulated in multiple aspects including personal life to their body and visual appearance. The survival, training and regulation take precedent over natural talent in the production of Korean idols. Not all trainees become K Pop Idols.

• THS the creation of an open marketplace for the buying and selling of luck between individuals.

  NYU Abu Dhabi IV · Open_FInal

  Info slide

  Luck refers to success or failure apparently brought about by chance rather than one's own actions. For the purposes of this debate, assume that luck is a distinct quality that can be measured, stored externally, and transferred from one person to another.

• THW oblige companies to include in the price of The product the cost of environmental damage incurred in the production of that product.

  NYU Abu Dhabi IV · 2

• THBT people should donate their wealth above one billion dollars to charities

  World Changers Camp · Open_Quarter

• THW implement universal basic income

  World Changers Camp · Open_Quarter

• THBT developed countries should focus on geoengineering at the expense of other green initiatives

  World Changers Camp · 4

• That we should prioritize allowing for a return to previous economic activities rather than adapting to a post-Covid "New Normal"

  Loquitur · 3

• That we prefer government spending caps to be determined by economist technocrats rather than by elected officials

  Loquitur · 5

• That the successor to the Paris agreement should employ tradable carbon emission permits

  Loquitur · Open_Quarter

• That we should force institutional shareholders example hedge funds to hold on to their initial investments in start-ups for a defined length of time.

  Loquitur · Open_Semi

• Assuming basic needs (e.g. food, basic healthcare, access to clean water etc.) of citizens are met, THBT states should abandon all measures to reduce economic inequality.

  Glasgow Ancients · Open_Semi

• That, when dealing with historically dis-privileged groups, we prefer economic reparations (e.g. direct payments, community investment, reappropriation of industry) to political reparations (e.g. additional vote-weighting, quotas in parliament, granting of autonomous control over land)

  Online Easters · Open_Final

• That developing nations should introduce policies to heavily discourage the development of monarch cities

  Online Easters · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  "Monarch cities" are cities in which a vast proportion of a nation's capital and economic activity is centralised. Examples include Dublin, Athens, Vienna, Budapest, and Cairo.

• THR the Nehruvian Model of Socialism

  Premchand Debates · 2

• THBT Indian States should take away wealth (beyond the sustenance threshold) from religious institutions and use it for government spending

  Premchand Debates · Open_Quarter

• THW get rid of the "Revlon Duty" standard on the Board of Directors of a company during a potential takeover

  Premchand Debates · Open_Semi

• THS India's decision to ban cryptocurrency

  Premchand Debates · Open_Semi

• THBT India should classify food as a strategic asset

  Premchand Debates · Open_Semi

• THBT the developing world FM should lobby for issues based primarily on their likelihood to succeed

  Premchand Debates · Open_Final

• THBT the trend of of investing in unprofitable companies (e.g., AirBnB, WeWork, Uber, Amazon before 2004, Tesla before 2021) has done more harm than good

  NA Spar Open · Open_Semi

• THBT anthropologists should refuse to work with resource extraction companies

  NA Spar Open · Novice_Final

  Info slide

  Anthropologists study human cultures, and many focus on studying remote Indigenous groups through ethnography and participant observation (e.g., living among or nearby Indigenous communities with their consent, systematically documenting local practices, and publishing research describing cultures and/or advocating for their preservation). Mining and resource extraction companies often seek the expertise of anthropologists when developing projects that may conflict with Indigenous territories. These anthropologists can serve as interpreters and experts on local geography, consultants on mining projects and corporate social responsibility, and intermediaries for negotiations with Indigenous peoples. The presence of anthropologists can sometimes be critical for mining companies to secure the trust of local Indigenous groups and gain knowledge about unfamiliar terrain.

• TH (as an entry-level employee at the IT firm) W volunteer for the Microchipping pilot program

  Blithchrome Parliamentary Debate · Open_Final

  Info slide

  Microchipping is where rice-grain sized microchips are surgically inserted between one's thumb and index finger. The chip implants communicate using radio-frequency identification (RFID) and/or Near Field Communication (NFC) technologies. This technology is especially popular in Sweden, where more than 4,000 Swedes are replacing keycards for chip implants to use for gym access, e-tickets on railway travel, payments (replacing credit cards), and even store emergency contact information. An IT company in Wisconsin has started a volunteer-based pilot program to microchip their employees to allow them to track their individual productivity

• THS the ban of cryptocurrencies in India

  Blithchrome Parliamentary Debate · Open_Final

  Info slide

  It is expected that India will have a law that bans cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum and Litecoin, in the country. If this law is implemented, it will mean that holding, trading or mining cryptocurrency will become illegal in India.

• In times of economic crisis, TH prefers a system of lax labour regulations to that of extensive labour regulations (minimum wage, job security legislation, etc.).

  4th Linkbate Debate Championship · 4

• In providing social welfare, THP that governments provide cash transfers instead of distributing social goods.

  Australs Interschool Debating Championship · 3

  Info slide

  Cash transfers are a form of social welfare where the government directly transfers cash to people who qualify for welfare, and they are free to spend it however they want. Alternatively, governments can also directly distribute social goods (food stamps, free education, vocational training programmes etc) to those that qualify for it

• THBT Abiy Ahmed should allow Tigray to secede from Ethiopia and form an independent state

  UCL IV · 4

  Info slide

  The people of Tigray, the northernmost region of Ethiopia, comprise 6 percent of the country's 110 million people yet have enjoyed disproportionately large power and influence for nearly three decades. In November, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed of the Prosperity Party ordered a violent military offensive after he accused the regional ruling party, the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), of attacking a government military base. This follows a long-simmering feud between the federal government and the TPLF, and came at a turbulent time with Ahmed trying to steer the country from ethnic federalism to a unified nation. Ahmed has declared emergency rule in the Tigray region which is occupied by state forces and now facing a humanitarian crisis.

• THBT governments in developing countries should mandate monthly salaries for homemakers

  UCL IV · ProAm_Final

• TH, as a state with aging population, would opt for policies that icrease immigration (e.g. more visas, more social benefits to work migrants) rather than ones that encourage citizens to have more children (e.g. tax benefits, increased childcare)

  Edinburgh Cup · 2

• In the post Covid world, THW significantly tax tourism* in big tourist cities (Amsterdam, Prague, Barcelona) *peer to peer renting like airbnb taxes, low cost flights taxes, overnight stay taxes

  Edinburgh Cup · 4

• THBT governments should not place conditions on company bailouts

  MINT · Open_Octa

• THW sign the contract

  IIT BHU PD · 5

  Info slide

  You are a fast bowler in the twilight of their career playing for a test-playing cricketing nation. A controversial new T20 cricket league has been created to compete with the IPL, BBL, and other well-funded international T20 competitions, but has not been sanctioned by the ICC, which has warned against players considering to enter the league that they risk sanctions and penalties. You have been offered a lucrative contract to play in the new competition.

• THW introduce eco-conscription

  IIT BHU PD · 5

  Info slide

  Eco-conscription refers to the compulsory requirement of citizens over the age of 18 to serve for the national service regarding the environment for a period of 2 years. The activities include engaging in environmental restoration, natural disaster relief, reforestation, environmental clean-ups, etc.

• THBT poor developing countries should adopt wealthier states' currencies

  IIT BHU PD · Open_Quarter

• You are the founder-owner of a successful startup looking to raise more capital to fund expansion. THW choose to float shares of the company on the stock market.

  IIT BHU PD · Open_Quarter

• THS the concept of Civilisation state, in African countries where there are recurring identity conflicts

  Cameroon Debate Open · 5

  Info slide

  Civilisation state is achieved when all identities are suppressed in favour of a supreme obligation to the state

• In the world of technology where people can trade without broker assistance, THW require all broker to waive their brokers' fees

  Cameroon Debate Open · 2

• THW allow communities to veto resource mining projects in their local areas.

  People's Speak Invitational · 2

  Info slide

  Resource mining is the process of extracting useful materials from the earth. Some examples of substances that are mined include coal, gold, or iron ore.

• THW establish a zone of free movement of labour in South East Asia

  People's Speak Invitational · 5

• THBT the provision of loans in times of economic crisis by global institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and European Central Bank (ECB) should not be conditioned on meeting fiscal policy criteria determined by these institutions, such as reductions in government budgets and changes to tax rates and regulations.

  Yale IV · 4

• TH, as the SNP, would focus and campaign around economic growth initiatives (e.g. drawing in foreign MNCs, making investment more attractive domestically, etc.) rather than on its current pro-independence focus.

  Yale IV · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  The Scottish National Party (SNP) is Scotland's largest party functioning as a nationalist, socially democratic platform. The SNP frequently campaigns for Scottish independence, using it as the main means to secure themselves seats in the European Parliament and in the UK House of Commons. It has also implemented a more progressive tax system, supported reductions in corporate tax, and supported attracting multinational corporations (MNCs) to Scotland with subsidies.

• THR the trend of foreign investors purchasing football clubs

  Liverpool IV · 2

  Info slide

  There has been a trend of foreign actors (individual billionaires, hedge funds) purchasing majority stake and investing a lot of money in football clubs. Examples include the purchase of Paris Saint Germain FC & Manchester City FC.

• THBT hustle culture has done more harm than good

  Bristol Schools · Open_Final

  Info slide

  Hustle culture is the prominent narrative that one must work harder than everyone else to succeed.

• THR the glorification of productivity

  Keio Debate Open · 3

• In times of economic recessions, THW implement a minimum spend policy

  Keio Debate Open · 4

  Info slide

  A minimum spend policy requires households to spend a designated percentage of their income and/or wealth in a given period of time. This policy applies progressively, and would replace tax either partially or entirely

• THP a model of economic development that primarily relies upon microfinance as opposed to the development of traditional financial institutions

  Keio Debate Open · 4

  Info slide

  Microfinance is a type of banking service targeted to unemployed or low-income individuals and groups who otherwise have no other access to financial services. Micro financial services include the provision of checking and savings accounts, financial education, and lending

• THBT state-owned enterprises in primary industries should retain full state ownership rather than declare an initial public offering (IPO)

  Keio Debate Open · 4

  Info slide

  A primary industry is any industry involved in the extraction and production of raw materials such as farming, logging, hunting, fishing, and mining. The primary sector tends to make up a larger portion of the economy in developing countries than it does in developed countries

• THBT politically progressive financiers speculating on financial markets does more harm than good

  Hansraj Parliamentary Debate · 5

  Info slide

  Speculation involves trading a financial instrument involving high risk, in expectation of significant returns. The motive is to take maximum advantage from fluctuations in the market. Speculators are prevalent in the markets where price movements of securities are highly frequent and volatile. Politically progressive financiers are financiers who are themselves politically progressive and are involved in financial trading for politically progressive causes.

• THBT individual liberty and economic efficiency are irreconcilable with social justice and environmental sustainability

  SLIDE UP: Southern Luzon Inter High School Debate Encounter XII · Open_Octa

• THS companies in service industries (e.g. entertainment, long-distance travel, restaurant) requiring vaccination against COVID-19 as a condition of service

  SLIDE UP: Southern Luzon Inter High School Debate Encounter XII · 4

• THR the premium placed on 'kapwa'

  SLIDE UP: Southern Luzon Inter High School Debate Encounter XII · 3

  Info slide

  Kapwa (fellowship or togetherness) is a core value that explains Filipinos' interpersonal behaviour. Kapwa is related to the collectivistic nature of Filipino society.

• THBT developing countries should heavily invest in the creative economy as opposed to traditional industries (e.g. manufacturing, agriculture)

  SLIDE UP: Southern Luzon Inter High School Debate Encounter XII · 2

  Info slide

  Creative Economy refers to the sectors in the nation which specialise in the use of creative talent for commercial purposes. It encompasses the income-earning potential of creative activities and ideas.It includes sectors and careers in photography, graphic design, fashion design, filmmaking, architecture, publishing, video games, and more.

• THBT resource-rich developing countries should nationalise all resource extraction companies

  Guangdong Debate Chamllenge · 5

• In developing countries, THBT economies should not be fully opened if only under 80% of the population is vaccinated

  Dialectics · 2

• THBT countries that were once colonised should suspend trade with their colonisers until adequate reparations are made

  Southern Vietnam British Parliamentary Debate Academy · Open_Semi

• THBT the European Central Bank should monetize the government deficits of Eurozone countries experiencing financial crises

  USC IV · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  Monetary financing, or the monetization of government deficits, is a monetary policy whereby a central bank purchases debt directly from that country's government in order to finance a government deficit. This has two effects: it (1) facilitates government spending, and (2) increases the supply of money in an economy. Monetizing government deficits differs from quantitative easing in the sense that the former involves purchasing bonds directly from the government, whereas the latter involves buying bonds and other financial assets on the secondary (i.e. open) market. The European Central Bank is different from many central banks because it performs the typical functions of a central bank across all countries which use the Euro.

• TH, as the small business owner, would accept the help of the Mafia.

  USC IV · Novice_Final

  Info slide

  You are a small business owner in Italy whose sources of revenue have dried up due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The Italian government has struggled to provide economic relief, and you are on the verge of closing your shop and going to work for minimum wage for your wealthy uncle, with whom you have a very contentious relationship. One day, the Italian Mafia shows up at your door, and offers you economic support. You've heard stories about the things that the Mafia does to gain its money, but this may be your last shot.

• This House Believes That developing countries should auction off their longterm right to govern underdeveloped areas

  Beihang Winter Debate Open · Open_Octa

• THS the rise of the use of cryptocurrencies (e.g. Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Bitcoin Cash) in financial transactions.

  Bicol Intervarsity · 2

• THW impose an immediate and significant one-time wealth tax for big corporations during the pandemic

  Bicol Intervarsity · 2

  Info slide

  Wealth tax is a tax based on the market value of owned assets (i.e. assets minus liabilities. These assets include (but are not limited to) cash, bank deposits, shares, fixed assets, personal cars, assessed value of real property, pension plans, money funds, owner-occupied housing, and trusts) compared to the normal practice of taxing income.

• THS the creation of Special Economic Zones exclusively for racial and cultural minorities

  Bicol Intervarsity · 2

  Info slide

  A Special Economic Zone is a geographical area with different business and trade laws from the rest of the country.

• THR the bundling of services by big tech

  Justice Tarkunde PD · 1

• Given the ability to buy/sell/transfer expected years of life, THW nationalise and equally distribute them

  Justice Tarkunde PD · 2

• THW remove capital requirements for banks and have them accept deposits

  Justice Tarkunde PD · 4

  Info slide

  Banks in America have laws that mandate having capital to offset volatile investments like debt based securities. Due to capital requirements, having too many deposits from customers is discouraged by the banks because they will have to pay fines if they don't have capital to offset this amount.

• THBT it is in the interest of the AfCFTA to encourage the involvement of the Biden administration in infrastructure building projects

  Justice Tarkunde PD · Open_Quarter

  Info slide

  The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) is a free trade area founded in 2018, with trade commencing as of 1 January 2021. It was created by the African Continental Free Trade Agreement among 54 of the 55 African Union nations. The goal of establishing the AfCFTA was in large part to encourage intra-African trade. This has historically been a challenge due to a lack of infrastructure.

• THBT federal funding should be allocated to states inversely proportional to their carbon usage.

  Justice Tarkunde PD · Open_Final

• THBT governments should actively discourage home ownership

  Trinity WGM · 4

• This House Regrets the romanticization of billionaires (Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos etc)

  Bishop Anthony Lobo 2021 · 1

• This House Regrets The Reddit-inspired Alleged Manipulation Of The Gamestop Stock.

  Bishop Anthony Lobo 2021 · 2

• This House, as UEFA, would introduce transfer and wage caps for all clubs across the continent

  Bishop Anthony Lobo 2021 · 4

• TH, as an industrializing developing country, would impose capital controls and trade tariffs on its economy.

  Cornell Novice Nationals · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  Capital controls represent any measure taken by a government to limit the flow of foreign capital in and out of the country's economy. These controls can be economy wide or specific to a sector or industry. These controls include taxes, tariffs (taxes on a particular import or export), and quantity restrictions on imports/exports.

• TH, as western countries, would prioritise competing with China's vaccine distribution efforts in lesser developed countries, over distribution to younger generations.

  Southampton Open · 4

  Info slide

  China has been deploying vaccines to various countries in recent months, particularly in the developing world.

• THW break up google

  Queen Mary IV · 3

  Info slide

  Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, a search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware. It is considered one of the Big Five technology companies in the U.S. information technology industry, alongside Amazon, Facebook, Apple, and Microsoft.

• THO the urbanisation of rural areas

  AUDC · 1

• THR the narrative that "SMEs are the backbone of the economy"

  AUDC · Open_Quarter

• THBT the EU parliament should seek to set minimum wages for member states

  AUDC · Open_Quarter

• THBT the US Federal Reserve should abandon quantitative easing as a policy option

  AUDC · Open_Quarter

• THBT India should replace the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act with a program of unconditional cash transfers for the poor.

  CHIREC PD 2021 · 1

  Info slide

  n India, the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act guarantees 100 days of employment in rural public sector projects (e.g., watershed development, composting, deepening irrigation channels, building shelter for livestock) to agricultural workers in villages who face temporary seasonal unemployment.

• THBT developing countries should significantly limit the number of individuals from political dynasties who can stand for elected offices

  Christ University Parliamentary Debate · Open_Octa

• THBT post colonial states should actively and significantly decentralise state control to local tribes/regional leaders

  Christ University Parliamentary Debate · Open_Octa

• THW require university students from developing countries who obtained education in the West to work in their country of origin for a number of years after graduation.

  Christ University Parliamentary Debate · Open_Semi

  Info slide

  Bonded scholarship programmes in places like Singapore and Malaysia facilitate the ability of students to study abroad at elite universities. These programs are paid for by the state in return for the student being 'bonded' to work for the state for a given period of time (3, 5, 10 years). Students may be bonded to specific departments or just bonded in general. It is possible for students to occasionally default on their bond and pay back the cost of education at a large premium.

• In areas with high local unemployment rates, THW signicantly tax companies for hiring non-local employees

  Christ University Parliamentary Debate · Open_Final

• In the aftermath COVID-19, THBT Indian Sub-Continent (pakistan, bangladesh, india, sri lanka) should focus on building its manufacture sector over entrepreneurship/startup

  Christ University Parliamentary Debate · Open_Final